APA
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Schmidt, K. A., Jones, R. B., Rios, C., Corona, Y., Berger, P. K., Plows, J., … Goran, M. (2022). Clinical Intervention to Reduce Dietary Sugar does not Impact Liver Fat in Latino Youth, Regardless of PNPLA3 Genotype: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of NutriLife.
Chicago/Turabian
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Schmidt, Kelsey A., Roshonda B Jones, C. Rios, Yesica Corona, Paige K. Berger, J. Plows, Tanya L. Alderete, et al. “Clinical Intervention to Reduce Dietary Sugar Does Not Impact Liver Fat in Latino Youth, Regardless of PNPLA3 Genotype: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Journal of NutriLife (2022).
MLA
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Schmidt, Kelsey A., et al. “Clinical Intervention to Reduce Dietary Sugar Does Not Impact Liver Fat in Latino Youth, Regardless of PNPLA3 Genotype: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Journal of NutriLife, 2022.
BibTeX Click to copy
@article{kelsey2022a,
title = {Clinical Intervention to Reduce Dietary Sugar does not Impact Liver Fat in Latino Youth, Regardless of PNPLA3 Genotype: A Randomized Controlled Trial.},
year = {2022},
journal = {Journal of NutriLife},
author = {Schmidt, Kelsey A. and Jones, Roshonda B and Rios, C. and Corona, Yesica and Berger, Paige K. and Plows, J. and Alderete, Tanya L. and Fogel, Jennifer L. and Hampson, H. and Hartiala, J. and Cai, Zhiheng and Allayee, H. and Nayak, K. and Sinatra, F. and Harlan, Gregory A. and Pickering, T. and Salvy, S. and Mack, Wendy J. and Kohli, Rohit and Goran, M.}
}
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among Latinos is partially attributed to a prevalent C > G polymorphism in the patatin-like phospholipase 3 (PNPLA3) gene. Cross-sectional analyses in Latino children showed the association between dietary sugar and liver fat was exacerbated by GG genotype. Pediatric feeding studies show extreme sugar restriction improves liver fat, but no prior trial has examined the impact of a clinical intervention or whether effects differ by PNPLA3 genotype.
OBJECTIVES To test effects of a clinical intervention to reduce dietary sugar versus standard dietary advice on change in liver fat, and secondary-endpoints changes in liver fibrosis, liver enzymes and anthropometrics; and whether effects differ by PNPLA3 genotype (assessed retrospectively) in Latino youth with obesity (BMI ≥ 95th percentile).
DESIGN This parallel-design trial randomized participants [n = 105; 12.7% baseline liver fat, 14.8 yrs] to control or sugar reduction (goal of ≤ 10% of calories from free sugar) for 12-weeks. Intervention participants met with a dietitian monthly and received delivery of bottled water. Changes in liver fat, by magnetic resonance imaging, were assessed by intervention group through general linear models.
RESULTS Free sugar intake decreased in intervention compared to control [11.5 to 7.3% vs. 13.9 to 10.7% (% Energy) respectively, P = 0.02], but there were no significant effects on liver outcomes or anthropometrics (pall > 0.10), and no PNPLA3 interactions (pall > 0.10). In exploratory analyses, participants with whole-body fat mass reduction (-1.9 ± 2.42.4 kg), irrespective of randomization, had significant reductions in liver fat compared to participants without fat mass reduction [-2.1% (-6.5, -0.8) vs. 0.3% (-1.0, 2.2), P < 0.001].
CONCLUSIONS In Latino youth with obesity, a dietitian-led sugar reduction intervention did not improve liver outcomes compared to control, regardless of PNPLA3 genotype. Results suggest fat mass reduction is important for liver fat reduction, confirming clinical recommendations of weight loss and a healthy diet for pediatric NAFLD.